Armadillo Care Sheet

Origin:

Armadillos are small to medium-sized mammals native to Central and South America, with some species extending into the southern United States. They inhabit grasslands, forests, and semi-arid regions, and are known for their distinctive armored shells.

Description:

Armadillos have a hard, bony armor covering their back, head, legs, and tail. Adult sizes vary by species; for example, the Nine-Banded Armadillo can weigh 8–17 pounds and measure 15–20 inches in body length. They are primarily nocturnal and have a lifespan of 7–14 years in captivity. Armadillos are excellent diggers and can swim and hold their breath underwater for short periods.

Temperament:

Armadillos are generally shy, solitary, and nocturnal. They may be active and curious in safe, quiet environments but can be easily stressed by handling or loud noises.

Feeding:

• Staple diet: Commercial insectivore or exotic animal diet.
• Insects and protein: Crickets, mealworms, and other insects, as well as occasional boiled egg or lean meat.
• Vegetables and fruits: Leafy greens, squash, carrots, and small amounts of fruits like apples or melon.
• Supplements: Calcium and vitamin supplements if recommended by a veterinarian.
• Water: Fresh water must always be available.

A balanced diet with fiber, protein, and minerals is essential for healthy growth and shell development.

Housing:

• Enclosure type: Secure pen or enclosure with digging substrate and hiding areas.
• Size: Minimum 100 sq. ft per animal; provide vertical and horizontal space for exploration.
• Bedding: Soil, straw, or hay for digging and burrowing; avoid cedar and pine shavings.
• Nesting: Provide boxes, dens, or burrows for resting.
• Temperature: 70–85°F; protect from drafts and extreme cold.
• Cleaning: Remove waste daily and replace bedding weekly.

Companionship:

Armadillos are solitary animals. Housing multiple adults together is not recommended except for breeding pairs, and even then careful monitoring is required.

Handling:

Handling should be minimal due to stress and defensive behavior. They can curl partially or use claws defensively. Approach slowly and calmly, using gloves if necessary.

Health:

Common health concerns:

• Obesity if overfed
• Parasites such as mites or fleas
• Respiratory infections in damp or poorly ventilated conditions
• Injuries from digging or enclosure hazards

Signs of illness: Lethargy, loss of appetite, abnormal behavior, or unusual shell appearance. Consult an exotic animal veterinarian if symptoms appear.

Grooming:

Armadillos groom themselves naturally. Providing digging opportunities, soft substrates, and regular observation ensures healthy skin and claws.

Fun Facts:

• Armadillos are excellent diggers and use burrows for shelter and safety.
• Their armor protects them from many predators.
• Some species can hold their breath and swim across rivers.
• Armadillos are mostly nocturnal but may be seen foraging at dawn or dusk.

Compliments of:
S & S Exotic Animals, Inc.
1711 Connorvale Rd., Houston, TX 77039
(281) 590-0426
www.sandsexoticanimals.com