Prairie Dog Care Sheet

Origin:

Prairie dogs are burrowing rodents native to the grasslands of North America, particularly the central United States, Canada, and northern Mexico. They live in large social colonies called “towns” in the wild, digging complex tunnel systems for shelter and safety.

Description:

Prairie dogs are small rodents with tan or brown fur, short tails, and strong claws for digging. Adults typically weigh 1–3 pounds and measure 12–16 inches long. They are diurnal, social, and highly vocal. Lifespan in captivity is generally 5–8 years with proper care.

Temperament:

Prairie dogs are very social, intelligent, and interactive. They enjoy the company of other prairie dogs and human interaction if handled gently. They can develop strong bonds but may bite if frightened or mishandled.

Feeding:

• Staple diet: High-quality rodent or prairie dog pellets.
• Hay: Unlimited timothy or grass hay to support digestion and dental health.
• Vegetables: Leafy greens, carrots, bell peppers, squash.
• Fruits: Offer sparingly as treats (apple, pear, berries).
• Water: Fresh, clean water available at all times.

Avoid sugary foods, nuts, and seeds in excess; prairie dogs are prone to obesity and dental problems.

Housing:

• Cage type: Large, escape-proof wire cage or custom enclosure with plenty of floor space and hiding areas.
• Size: Minimum 4x4 feet for a pair, with tunnels, ramps, and platforms for climbing.
• Bedding: Paper-based bedding or aspen shavings; avoid cedar and pine.
• Temperature: Maintain 65–75°F; protect from drafts and extreme heat.
• Accessories: Provide tunnels, digging boxes, platforms, chew toys, and hiding areas.
• Cleaning: Spot clean daily and deep clean weekly to maintain hygiene.

Companionship:

Prairie dogs are highly social and should never be kept alone. Ideally, keep them in pairs or small groups. Introduce new prairie dogs gradually to avoid aggression and monitor interactions.

Handling:

Handle gently and consistently to build trust. Always support their body and avoid sudden movements. Allow prairie dogs to climb onto your hands voluntarily and never grab by the tail.

Health:

Common health issues include:

• Obesity due to improper diet
• Dental disease from insufficient chewing opportunities
• Respiratory infections from damp or drafty conditions
• Stress-related behaviors if kept alone or overcrowded

Regular veterinary care with an exotic animal vet is recommended. Monitor for lethargy, loss of appetite, sneezing, or unusual behavior.

Grooming:

Prairie dogs groom themselves regularly. Provide safe digging and chewing opportunities to maintain healthy teeth and nails. Bathing is not recommended.

Fun Facts:

• Prairie dogs communicate using a complex system of chirps, barks, and whistles.
• They dig intricate burrow systems with multiple chambers and exits.
• A group of prairie dogs is called a “coterie” within a larger “town.”
• They are highly intelligent and can learn to respond to human interaction and simple commands.

Compliments of:
S & S Exotic Animals, Inc.
1711 Connorvale Rd., Houston, TX 77039
(281) 590-0426
www.sandsexoticanimals.com